Monday, January 25, 2010

Future Tenses

[This post has been updated: Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense. See below.]

Recognizing the future tense is easy. Why? Because the stress mark is always on the last syllable. I will simply list a few examples and you should be able to pick it up fairly easily.

Future Tense in Spanish:

The future tense in Spanish says in one word what English can take three words to say. When we say, "I will talk," we are speaking in a future tense. "I will talk with Rita" in Spanish is "Yo hablaré con Rita." The words "I will talk" are made up of one word in Spanish "Hablaré" (corresponding to the pronoun yo).

All verbs are conjugated the same by adding these endings at the end of the verb -é, -ás, -á, -emos, -án.

For example, conjugate the verbs: hablar (to speak), comer (to eat), Vivir (to live)

Future:

I will ___
yo hablaré
yo comeré
yo viviré

you will ___
tú hablarás
tú comerás
tú vivirás

he/she/you will ___
él/ella/usted hablará
él/ella/usted comerá
él/ella/usted vivirá

we will ___
nosotros hablaremos
nosotros comeremos
nosotros Viviremos

they/you all will ___
ellos/ellas/ustedes Hablarán
ellos/ellas/ustedes Comerán
ellos/ellas/ustedes Vivirán

A few examples:

Los taxistas sólo hablarán español, entonces tú debes practarlo.
The taxi drivers will only speak Spanish, so you should practice it.

Comeremos comida Dominicana en el restaurante Villar.
We will eat Dominican food at the restaurant Villar.

¿Dónde vivirás después de mudarte?
Where will you live after you move?


[Update] There are also irregular verb changes for the future tense that need to be known. These are:

Decir (to say, to tell) = (yo) diré, (tú) dirás, (él/usted) dirá, (nosotros) diremos, (ellos/ustedes) dirán.
Hacer (to do, to make) = (yo) haré, (tú) harás, (él/usted) hará, (nosotros) haremos, (ellos/ustedes) harán.
Poder (to be able) = (yo) podré, (tú) podrás, (él/usted) podrá, (nosotros) podremos, (ellos/ustedes) podrán.
Poner (to put, to place) = (yo) pondré, (tú) pondrás, (él/usted) pondrá, (nosotros) pondremos, (ellos/ustedes) pondrán.
Saber (to know) = (yo) sabré, (tú) sabrás, (él/usted) sabrá, (nosotros) sabremos, (ellos/ustedes) sabrán.
Salir (to go out, to leave) = (yo) saldré, (tú) saldrás, (él/usted) saldrá, (nosotros) saldremos, (ellos/ustedes) saldrán.
Tener (to have, as in possession) = (yo) tendré, (tú) tendrás, (él/usted) tendrá, (nosotros) tendremos, (ellos/ustedes) tendrán.
Venir (to come) = (yo) vendré, (tú) vendrás, (él/usted) vendrá, (nosotros) vendremos, (ellos/ustedes) vendrán.

Ejemplos:  
¿Vendrás conmigo? 
Will you come with me?  

Ok. Yo lo haré
Ok. I will make/do it.  

¿A qué hora saldrá el tren? 
What time will the train leave?

Porque nada hemos traído a este mundo, y sin duda nada podremos sacar.
(1 Timoteo 6:7 RVR60).
For we have brought nothing into this world, and doubtless we will not be able to take anything out.
(1 Timothy 6:7).

Friday, January 22, 2010

Sounds of the Spanish Alphabet

Spanish Sounds


As I've studied the Spanish language, I've realized the importance of learning pronunciation, so I started trying to learn how words commonly sound when spoken by Latin Americans. I often write the word using English sounds to help myself with the pronunciation. Below is the Spanish alphabet with what I've learned to be the sounds commonly associated with them in Latin America.


Alphabet Pronunciation


Aa = ah as in father and as in Dad.

Bb = soft b, sometimes sounds like v as in given.

Cc = hard k, except after i, e, sounds like s, as in cent.

Dd = soft d, sometimes sounds like th.

Ee = ay as in May, eh as in Set.

Ff = same as English f.

Gg = hard g as in Go, h sound after i, e, as in hit.

Hh = always silent.

Ii = ee, as in free.

Jj = h sound, as in heart, hug, heat, hope.

Kk = same as English k.

Ll = L as in long.

LLll = y as in yet or j as in jet.

M = m as in man.

N = n as in now, ten.

Ññ = sounds like ny as in canyon, pinion, onion.

Oo = always a long o as in low, no.

Pp = same as English p except without blowing any air.

Qq = sounds like k.

Rr = rolling rr at the beginning of a word, within a word it is one flip of the tongue and sounds close to 'dd as in loaded, padded, coded, added.

RRrr = rolling tongue 'rrrrr, takes practice to learn.

Ss = s as in sofa, self, last, rest.

Tt = always sounds like the t in tilt, toy, tight.

Uu = oo as in boo.

Vv = sounds like b as in boy.

Ww = same as English w.

Zz = sounds like s in Latin America as in set, lasso, loose, or th in Spain as in think, teeth, thought, with.



Examples

The word ir (to go) sounds like ee'dh; ir = ee'dh.

The word voy (I go) sounds like boy; voy = boy.

The word yo (me, I) sounds like joe; yo = joe.

The word duro (hard) sounds almost like doo-doe, but with a soft 'dd sound for the r (as in pudding); duro = doo'ddoe.

The word diez (ten) sounds like dee-ess; diez = dee-ess.

The word comer (to eat) sounds like co-mair'd; comer = co-maird.


There are many more examples. I may include more at a later time.